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Shmuel Ben David "Sam" Vaknin (born April 21, 1961) is an Israeli writer.〔Vaknin, Sam. ("Interview with a Narcissist" ), samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010. *("Sam Vaknin—in his own words" ), CBC, accessed October 30, 2010.〕 He is the author of ''Malignant Self Love: Narcissism Revisited'' (2001), has been the editor-in-chief of the former website Global Politician, and runs a private website about narcissistic personality disorder (NPD).〔Race, Tim. ("New Economy; Like Narcissus, executives are smitten, and undone, by their own images" ), ''The New York Times'', July 29, 2002, p. 2. *For his position with the GP website, see ("GP Editors" ), Global Politicians, accessed February 6, 2011. *For Vakin's website, see (here ).〕 He has also postulated a theory on chronons and time asymmetry. ==Background== Vaknin was born in Qiryat-Yam, Israel, the eldest of five children, to a Turkish mother whom Vaknin believes may have been a narcissist and a father who was a construction worker from Morocco. He describes a difficult childhood, in which he writes that his parents "were ill-equipped to deal with normal children, let alone the gifted," Vaknin reports that he has an IQ of 180.〔Roberts, Yvonne. ("The monster in the mirror" ), ''The Sunday Times'', September 16, 2007.〕 He left home to serve in the Israel Defense Forces from 1979 to 1982 in training and education units. Between 1980 and 1983 he founded a chain of computerized information kiosks in Tel-Aviv, and in 1982 worked for the Nessim D. Gaon Group in Geneva, Paris, and New York. From 1986 to 1987 he was the general manager of IPE Ltd. in London. It was in the mid-1980s that he became aware of difficulties in his relationship with his fiancée, and that he had mood swings. In 1985 he sought help from a psychiatrist, who diagnosed him with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Vaknin did not accept the diagnosis at the time. He moved back to Israel, where he became director of an Israeli investment firm, Mikbatz Teshua.〔 He was also president of the Israeli chapter of the Unification Church's Professors for World Peace Academy.〔 In Israel in 1995 he was found guilty on three counts of stock fraud, along with two other men. He was sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and fined 50,000 shekels (about $14,000), while the company was fined 100,000 shekels.〔Rosenfeld, Jose. ("Business Briefs" ), ''The Jerusalem Post'', July 27, 1995. *Gordon, Evelyn. ("Supreme Court rejects appeal of three stock manipulators" ), ''The Jerusalem Post'', June 14, 1996.〕 In 1996, as a condition of parole, he agreed to a mental health evaluation, which noted various personality disorders. According to Vaknin, "I was borderline schizoid, but the most dominant was NPD," and on this occasion he accepted the diagnosis, because, he wrote, "it was a relief to know what I had."〔Tempany, Adrian. ("When narcissism becomes pathological" ), ''Financial Times'', September 4, 2010.〕 Vaknin moved to Skopje, Macedonia, where he married Macedonian Lidija Rangelovska. They set up Narcissus Publications in 1997, which publishes Vaknin's work.〔Vaknin, Sam. ("Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited" ), samvak.tripod.com, accessed October 30, 2010.〕 Between 2001 and 2003, Vaknin was a Senior Business Correspondent for United Press International.〔〔Vaknin, Sam (UPI: Commentary: The morality of Child labor ), Accessed October 30, 2010〕 He has also written for ''Central Europe Review'' about political issues in the Balkans,〔Central Europe Review. (Author Archive: Sam Vaknin. ) Accessed October 30, 2010〕 as well as for the ''Middle East Times''.〔〔Vaknin, Sam, (Middle East Times: The axis of oil ), Accessed October 30, 2010.〕 Until a few weeks before the September 2002 Macedonian election, he served as an adviser to Macedonia's Ministry of Finance. In addition to his position as editor-in-chief of the Global Politician website, he writes regularly for other publications, such as the International Analyst Network,〔(International Analyst Network )〕 and the online ''American Chronicle''.〔(American Chronicle )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sam Vaknin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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